The Innovative Development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s Democratic Politics in the New Era

　　Developing socialist democratic politics is an important part of upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and it is also the fundamental guarantee for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has continuously deepened its understanding of communist party’s laws of governance, socialist construction and the development of human society, and has continuously deepened its understanding of the laws of political civilization evolution and democratic political development, opening up a new realm of Marxist theory of state governance. Paying more attention to system integration, coordination and high efficiency, and paying more attention to systematization in system construction are the remarkable features of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era. An important feature of China’s democratic politics in the new era is to realize the leap from system to system in the construction of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics in the new era, and to promote the steady development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics in the new era to a higher level and higher quality.

　　The Basic Connotation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s Democratic Politics in the New Era

　　Political science aims at concisely summarizing important political concepts and revealing the essential connotation of political practice. It has to answer: What is politics? What is democratic politics? What is socialist democracy? What is the difference between socialist democracy and western democracy? Why are there different democratic politics? What is democracy in Socialism with Chinese characteristics? Today, the key question that we need to answer especially is: What is Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics in the new era?

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader profoundly pointed out: "China’s socialist democracy is the most extensive, authentic and effective democracy to safeguard the fundamental interests of the people", and "the people being the masters of their own affairs is the essence and core of socialist democratic politics. People’s democracy is the life of socialism. Without democracy, there will be no socialism, no socialist modernization, and no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. " Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics in the new era is the mission of the Party to lead the people to be masters of their own affairs, govern the country according to law, listen to people’s voices, respond to people’s expectations, rally people’s strength, achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We understand that this sentence explains the basic connotation of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics in the new era.

　　The leadership of the Party is the fundamental guarantee for the people to be masters of the country and to govern the country according to law. Being masters of the country is the essential feature of socialist democratic politics, and governing the country according to law is the basic way for the party to lead the people to be masters of the country and govern the country. The three are organically unified in the great practice of socialist democratic politics in China, in which two actors, namely, the party and the people, have a common behavior theme, namely, governing the country.

　　The Significance of Promoting the Democratic Political Construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era

　　Democratic politics is a superstructure based on economy and society. Therefore, the democratic politics put into practice in world history and real life all have specific class nature. In the final analysis, the class essence, system characteristics and operation characteristics of any kind of democratic politics are determined by the fundamental interests, values and ideology of the class that dominates the social and economic relations in the country, and are influenced by the historical evolution, national traditions and economic and cultural level of the country. Therefore, the democratic politics of all countries in the world presents diversified development forms.

　　Which democratic political form is more reasonable for a country? Follow a fundamental standard, that is, whether it is truly "people-centered" and whether it is truly "people first". Only by always being with the people and always remembering "for whom, who I depend on and who I am" can we earnestly safeguard the fundamental interests of the people and get their high recognition and sincere support. People are the creators of history. "If you win many people, you will win the country, and if you lose many people, you will lose the country." "Those who win the hearts of the people will win the world, and those who lose the hearts of the people will lose the world" reveals such a truth. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "people’s heart is the greatest politics and consensus is the driving force for forging ahead", which is a profound revelation of the historical development law of human society. In essence, "human heart" is what people think, hope and hope; "Consensus" means people’s consistent thoughts and common aspirations. The individual’s thoughts and thoughts converge into a collective consensus, which in turn stimulates collective action, and the human heart becomes the decisive force and the "greatest politics".

　　The most extensive, authentic and thorough development of people’s democracy is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s innate ideal pursuit and unswerving struggle direction. In the different historical periods of revolutionary war, socialist construction and reform and opening up, our party has made fruitful explorations in developing democratic politics, made pioneering achievements, and laid a solid foundation for China’s political construction and political civilization development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has unswervingly followed the road of political development in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhered to the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to law, took the overall situation into account and coordinated all parties, actively and steadily promoted the reform of the political system, ensured that the people were the masters of the country with the institutional system, promoted the extensive, multi-layered and institutionalized development of deliberative democracy, comprehensively implemented the party’s ethnic and religious policies, consolidated and developed the broadest patriotic United front, and United "Building the Chinese Dream with One Heart".

　　The world today is in a great change that has never happened in a century, and human civilization has reached a new "crossroads". Whether to implement and continuously develop democratic politics is an important criterion to measure the degree of civilization of a political system and a social form. For a long historical period in the past, western countries, represented by the United States, took their "free market economy+democratic political system" as the supreme model and claimed to provide so-called "universal" political system solutions for human society. Today, the new technological revolution led by informationization and intelligence is profoundly changing people’s way of thinking, mode of production, way of life, form of organization and mobilization, etc. The western political system has exposed difficulties such as serious party struggle, short-sighted policies and inefficient decision-making, populism has risen and spread in the United States, Britain has repeatedly turned around the issue of Brexit, and the European Union has fallen into confusion … … We can see that the democratic "fig leaf" of the capitalist political system has been torn off, and the essence of capitalist democratic politics and its irreconcilable endogenous contradictions and crises are accelerating. In sharp contrast, the remarkable features and great advantages of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics are more prominent, which ensures the smooth realization of the "two miracles" of China’s economic and social development. China’s comprehensive national strength has greatly jumped, and the people’s sense of gain, happiness and security has been continuously enhanced.The 1.4 billion people of China have become more United, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has a bright future. At the intersection of great changes and history, the people of China, who are approaching the center of the world stage day by day, must make new and greater historical contributions to the development of human civilization, and they must make new and greater achievements and progress in the construction and development of democratic politics, truly form an epoch-making creation that transcends western political civilization, and form a higher-level and higher-form democratic political system and its operating mechanism.

　　The Fundamental Construction of Democratic Politics in Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era

　　Institutional advantage is the greatest advantage of a country, and institutional competition is the most fundamental competition among countries. What kind of thinking to plan and promote the construction of socialist democratic politics in China plays an important role in managing the root, the overall situation and the long-term in the political life of the country. The socialist democratic political system is the result of long-term development, gradual improvement and endogenous evolution on the basis of China’s historical inheritance, cultural tradition and economic and social development. Looking back at history, we can see the track of the continuous improvement and development of China’s socialist democratic political system. The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China promoted ideological emancipation, conceptually cleared the obstacles for the development of socialist democratic politics, and thus launched the construction of institutionalization and rule of law, which made the construction of socialist system civilization enter a new historical stage. In the historical process of reform and opening-up, the party and the state have continuously emphasized the important role and great significance of developing democratic politics. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that "without democracy, there will be no socialism and no socialist modernization", and "our socialist modernization is to catch up with the developed capitalist countries economically and create a higher and more practical democracy than that of capitalist countries politically"; According to the report of the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, "inner-party democracy is the life of the party"; The report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that "people’s democracy is the life of socialism". Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China’s democratic political construction has achieved fruitful theoretical results.We are also actively exploring the development path and realization form of democratic politics.

　　As Socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, how to maximize the synergy of democratic system is an important problem that needs to be solved urgently. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "the key to developing socialist democratic politics is to increase and expand our advantages and characteristics, not to weaken and narrow our advantages and characteristics". Whether from the perspective of effectively guaranteeing people to enjoy broader and more substantial rights and freedoms, or from the perspective of effectively regulating national political relations, developing dynamic political party relations, ethnic relations, class relations, and compatriots at home and abroad, the development of socialist democratic politics is bound to go through a process of constantly enriching the system and progressing to building a sound institutional system. There must be both scientific guiding ideology and strict institutional arrangements; It is necessary to have a clear value orientation and an effective form of realization, thus forming a gradually stereotyped and mature complex institutional system.

　　"Institutionalization" emphasizes directionality, while "institutional system" emphasizes wholeness and systematicness, which can provide guarantee for mutual support between systems, make them form synergistic effects, and release the effectiveness of systems to the maximum extent, thus organically unifying the development of correct roads, the development of scientific theories and the construction of effective systems. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China puts forward a comprehensive and systematic requirement for the institutional system, that is, to build a well-off society in an all-round way, we must "resolutely get rid of all ideological concepts and institutional mechanisms that hinder scientific development, build a systematic, scientific and standardized institutional system with effective operation, and make all aspects of the system more mature and stereotyped"; The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee pointed out that "by 2020, decisive achievements will be made in the reform of important areas and key links, and a systematic, scientific, standardized and effective system will be formed to make all aspects of the system more mature and stereotyped"; The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China further clarified that "the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform is to improve and develop the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity", which further highlighted the characteristics of "systematization" of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and focused on establishing and improving the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system as a whole and macroscopically. In addition to further highlighting the general sense of the report of the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,In addition to the concept of institutional system, the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also put forward clear requirements for the construction of institutional system of people being the masters of the country, national security system, inner-party laws and regulations system and system of ecological civilization system. On this basis, the "Decision" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee further put forward that "the system of people being the masters of the country should be adhered to and improved, and socialist democratic politics should be developed", so as to continuously improve the democratic system, enrich democratic forms, broaden democratic channels, and make all aspects of systems and state governance better reflect the people’s will, safeguard people’s rights and interests, and stimulate people’s creativity. Building a systematic, scientific, standardized and effective system and giving full play to the advantages of China’s socialist system means that China pays more attention to mutual support, coordination and efficiency, and systematic modernization in system construction.

　　The concrete embodiment of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic political innovation and development in the new era

　　Realizing the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, and systematically promoting the construction of five important institutional systems: the party’s leadership system, the people being the masters of the country system, the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the national governance system and the deliberative democratic system, constitute the "four pillars and eight pillars" of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics in the new era, make Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics more mature and stereotyped in the new era, ensure the democratization and rule of law of the country’s political life, and further ensure the continued improvement of China’s political ecology.

　　The leadership of the Party is the most essential feature of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system. The leadership of the Party must be comprehensive, systematic and holistic. As the highest political leading force, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has continuously improved the leadership system of the Party, which takes the overall situation into consideration and coordinates all parties, and has continuously strengthened its own construction from six aspects: self-forging of ideals and beliefs, high self-consciousness in implementing actions, joint efforts in performing duties and responsibilities, flesh-and-blood ties of the mass line, strengthening the ability to take responsibility and promoting the comprehensive and strict administration of the Party. In particular, the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, while clarifying the concept of "institutional system", also focused on strengthening the construction of "inner-party democratic system", making it clear that "inner-party democracy is the life of the party" and "upholding democratic centralism, improving the inner-party democratic system and promoting people’s democracy with inner-party democracy". The Decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee proposed "strengthening the construction of laws and regulations within the Party", and the report of the 19th CPC National Congress further proposed "accelerating the formation of laws and regulations within the Party covering all aspects of party leadership and party building". The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made comprehensive arrangements for "upholding and improving the leadership system of the Party and improving the level of the Party’s scientific, democratic and legal governance".

　　People being masters of their own affairs is the essence and core of socialist democratic political construction. To uphold and improve the system of people being the masters of the country, we should uphold and improve the system of people’s congresses, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation led by the Communist Party of China (CPC), consolidate and develop the most extensive patriotic United front, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of grassroots mass autonomy, so as to ensure that the people are the masters of the country with a constantly improving system. The people’s congress system is the fundamental political system to ensure that the people are the masters of the country, and it is also the fundamental political system to support China’s national governance system and governance capacity. At the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the founding of the National People’s Congress, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The people’s eyes are discerning, and they are omnipresent supervisory forces. Only by letting the people supervise the government will the government not slack off; Only when everyone is responsible will people not die. " Through the construction of the system of people being the masters of the country, the implementation of democratic elections, democratic consultations, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision has been guaranteed by the system, which not only enriches democratic forms, but also broadens democratic channels.

　　Ruling the country according to law in an all-round way is the essential requirement and important guarantee for upholding and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics. Adhering to the joint promotion of ruling the country according to law, governing the country according to law and administering the country according to law, and adhering to the integrated construction of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law and a society ruled by law can provide the guarantee of the rule of law for the democratic political construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics. "The impermanence is strong, impermanence is weak. If the law is strong, the country will be strong, and if the law is weak, the country will be weak. " China’s socialist system ensures the people’s dominant position as masters of the country, and also ensures the people’s dominant position in comprehensively promoting the rule of law. Regarding the relationship between the leadership of the Party and the rule of law, the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out that "the socialist rule of law must uphold the leadership of the Party, and the leadership of the Party must rely on the socialist rule of law. In China, law is the unified embodiment of the party’s ideas and the people’s wishes. The party leads the people to formulate constitutional laws and the party leads the people to implement them. The party itself must act within the scope of constitutional laws, which is the embodiment of the party’s leadership. " In February 2014, at the second meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "all major reforms must be based on the law". The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee made the "Decision on Several Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Advancing the Rule of Law", which clearly stipulated that the principal responsible person of the party and government was the first responsible person to perform the task of promoting the rule of law, established the constitutional oath system in the National People’s Congress, and actively promoted the government legal adviser system, which effectively enhanced our party’s ability to lead and govern the country by legal means.Relying on the formation of five systems, namely, a complete system of legal norms, an efficient implementation system of the rule of law, a strict supervision system of the rule of law, a strong guarantee system of the rule of law and a perfect system of inner-party laws and regulations, the construction of the rule of law system in Socialism with Chinese characteristics organically connects all aspects of work and ensures the coordinated and smooth operation of the national governance system.

　　The national governance system is an important part of the construction of socialist democratic politics, and the development of socialist democratic politics is also the proper meaning of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity for the first time, and defined the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform. The Decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that all the work and activities of state governance in China are carried out in accordance with the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system, and China’s state governance system and governance capacity are the concentrated expression of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics system and its implementation capacity. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "To see whether a system is good or not, we should judge and grasp it from the political and big aspects." The modernization of China’s national governance system and governance capacity, accompanied by the comprehensive, in-depth and sustained advancement of reform and development, not only provides high-quality governance services for the people’s production and life, but also provides a broad exploration and practice stage for the construction of socialist democratic politics. In terms of system and practice, the construction of democratic politics in Socialism with Chinese characteristics is also promoting the transformation of the advantages of socialist system into governance efficiency. The coordinated interaction between the national governance system and the democratic political construction in Socialism with Chinese characteristics, together, illuminates and practices the fundamental position of people first that the Communist Party of China (CPC), as a Marxist political party, adheres to.

　　Deliberative democracy is an important way to realize the party’s leadership and a unique form and advantage of China’s socialist democratic politics. Deliberative democracy originates from the most extensive patriotic United front with unity and democracy as its theme, and it is also an important embodiment of the party’s mass line in the political field. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "deliberative democracy is a unique form and advantage of China’s socialist democratic politics and an important embodiment of the party’s mass line in the political field", and "it is necessary to improve the system and working mechanism of deliberative democracy and promote the extensive and multi-level institutionalized development of deliberative democracy". The Decision of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee emphasizes the advantages of China’s new political party system, and puts forward that "we should adhere to the unique advantages of socialist deliberative democracy, make overall plans to promote political party consultation, people’s congress consultation, government consultation, CPPCC consultation, people’s organizations consultation, grass-roots consultation and social organization consultation, build a deliberative democratic system with reasonable procedures and complete links, improve the implementation mechanism of consultation before and during decision-making, and enrich the institutionalized practice of discussing things that are good for everyone and things that are discussed by everyone". Deliberative democracy pursues all-round, multi-field and deep-seated democratic participation. The subjects of consultation range from political parties, governments, people’s organizations, social organizations to the general public, and the contents of consultation range from the political field to the social field, and the level of consultation ranges from the central, local and grassroots levels, which is by no means limited to a certain group, a certain aspect or a certain level.The multi-level, extensive and institutionalized deliberative democracy has enabled Socialism with Chinese characteristics to live a democratic political life in the new era, avoiding the western capitalism’s formalistic democracy that emphasizes voting rights and ensuring that democracy returns to its true value. As General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The process of extensive consultation among the people in all aspects is the process of promoting democracy and brainstorming, the process of unifying thoughts and building consensus, the process of scientific and democratic decision-making, and the process of realizing the people as masters of the country."

　　To sum up, the innovative development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics in the new era not only profoundly summarizes the experience and reveals the laws of socialist democratic politics construction, but also profoundly grasps the major issues of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic politics construction in the new era, pushing China-oriented Marxist democratic politics construction thought into a new realm, pointing out the way forward, providing fundamental follow-up for enhancing the efficiency of socialist democratic politics construction, and indicating the development direction of human political civilization. With the deepening of China’s democratic political practice and the systematic and profound test brought by non-traditional security issues such as COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control, the fundamental significance and creative value of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s democratic political innovation and development in the new era will be further revealed.